Acetone - Background of the Study Essay Example for Free

Acetone Background of the Study EssayFamiliar household uses of acetone are as the restless ingredient in nail polish dischargers and as paint thinner. Acetone can as well be used for medical and cosmetic uses, such as applying acetone with alcohol for acne treatments to peel dry skin. It can also remove residues from glass and porcelain and it can also remove super glue from the skin. Perhaps, acetone is very(prenominal) useful in our everyday lives. Acetone is also known to remove thumping pen degrees on fabrics and clothings. It has ethyl acetate that is said to remove ball pen stains. Most people accidentally rubs ball pen marks on their clothing on a daily basis. The study was through to find out if acetone is more utile and easier to remove ball pen marks on clothings or fabrics than normal laundry detergent.Statement of the taskThe study aims to answer the following questions1. What is a more effective and easier way in removing ball pen stains on fabrics?2. Is a cetone effective in removing ball pen marks?HypothesisIf the ball pen mark is removed and the clothing is cleaner and whiter using acetone then acetone is more effective and easier way to remove ball pen marks on the clothing.Significance of the StudyThe study was done to find out if acetone is effective in removing ball pen marks. The study will help mostly students and working adults and everyone who uses ball pen. They will benefit because most of the users have their ball pens blotting on a daily basis.Scope and LimitationsThe amount of bleach and acetone used is 20 ml. The ball pen mark is of the same size. Even the cloths are of the same type. This core that the study is limited to these amounts only. This study is limited to testing which among bleach or acetone can remove a simple ball pen mark effectively.Review of Related LiteratureAccording to http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethyl_acetateUses, Ethyl Acetate is the solvent present in acetone that can remove the ball pen marks . It is also stated that ethyl acetate is also present in some hairsprays, alcohol, etc.RecommendationThe researchers recommend repeating the testing using polar cloths and different amounts of bleach and acetone to test other possibilities. It is also suggested that the researchers use warm water for washing the cloths.ReferencesRemoving ball pen marks- http//housekeeping.about.com/od/stainremoval/a/inkstains.htm

English Premier League and their Asian focus Essay Example for Free

English Premier League and their Asian focus EssayClub football is now genuinely globalised. Clubs atomic number 18 no more small community based which are known in that locality, they are now huge organisations owned by the richest businessmens of the world. The transfer spend of each club is increasing at a mind boggling pace.Every year clubs are breaking their transfer disposition fees. The increase in this expenditure has led to clubs being debt laden, with some of the biggest clubs in the world having debts which in normal business prudence would be suicidal. Thus the pack for new revenue enhancement streams.Thus English premier alliance clubs set out all over the world to find out new revenue streams, and thus they found and fell in love with Asia. Asia is unique because though they themselves fare poorly in FIFA rankings and have rarely ruled the football world, their fretfulness for football is second to none. In fact there are more followers and fans of English p remier league football clubs in Asia than in England. The tall growth rate in Asian countries has also resulted in people desiring for more. Thus in certain parts of South East Asia, weekends means EPL and Beer. simply Why EPL Why not Serie A, Bundesliga or the la ligaThe reasons are many. While now La liga biggies Real Madrid and Barcelona have equal presence in Asian market, but still as a whole there is more EPL presence. First is Tv rights and Tv timing. The match timings in Asian countries are rarely real late nights or early mornings. The match timings are convenient. Though mostly it is the English premier league clubs and Football associations ability to get into the Asian market early. Now every year during the season break in England there is a tournament called the premier league Asia trophy. In 2013 it was won by the runners up of EPL, Manchester City.The ever increasing value of TV rights deals for the EPL in Asia, an area with vast growth potence given the regions w ide and upwardly mobile population. On their trips to Asia, clubs charge appearance fees to play friendly games, and benefit from sales of official merchandise. And they trade on their popularity by signing sponsorship deals involving everything from banks and impute cards to beer, telecoms, airlines, and even tomato juice.The growth prospect is immense and they have just started. The threat though lies with the other big European leagues who are slowlystarting to focus more and more on Asia. Bayern Munich, Barcelona, Real Madrid, Ac Milan etc are now increasing their presence in Asia in a bullish manner. Even these countries themselves are getting better in football and have their own club system.Other sports like baseball and basketball also pay back a serious threat. Though all said and done Asian love affair of English clubs is still on the growth stage and the potential is immense. As the premier league chief executive Richard Scudamore himself told, Our global fan base is ju st short of a billion, and half of those are here in Asia, so it (Asia) is a hugely important part of what we do,

Importance of Informed Consent in Client Decision-making

Importance of Informed Consent in Client Decision-makingInformed consent is non only a basic right of all clients, but it also helps to protect the clients privacy and shadow be utilized to empower them to piss their give birth educated decisions about aspects of their own therapy. Ideally, the goal of the practice of apprised consent is to provide patients with the most relevant and accurate randomness regarding their own treatment, so that they seat decide for themselves to become involved and willing participants in their own therapy sessions. One of the outperform methods for instituting informed consent practices is to establish a protocol for enabling clients to make their own educated decisions.It is important to note that the practice of informed consent carries with it a number of legal implications as well, primarily overdue to the fact that its use is to protect the rights and privacy of the client. From a legal standpoint, there ar three aspects of informed con sent that are of primary concern the clients capacity for rational decision-making, the clients erudition or understanding of the information, and the clients voluntariness, which ensures that decisions made by the client are of their own free will.For the therapist, informed consent governs many aspects of administrative duties as well, such(prenominal) as confidentiality, record-keeping and maintenance, and the transfer and disclosure of client files. While these aspects are more clearly defined in terms of what therapists can and cannot do, therapists are also left with the supernumerary task of ensuring that all clients are properly educated and informed about procedures and the legal implications and also that each individual client has the ability to comprehend such information and make decisions regarding their own treatment. It is this aspect of informed consent that often lacks such clearly defined rules and is often a matter of judgment on the part of the therapist.Adeq uate informed consent is becoming increasingly important for todays mental health professionals, as more and more people are pursuit individual or marital counseling as a means of improving aspects of their own lives or relationships. In all aspects of healthcare, the appropriate procedures for obtaining adequate informed consent are still debatable. Because therapists have the unique opportunity to be able to work with clients in order to improve decision-making skills, this process is even more important. The goal is not to steer clients in any one direction or another, but rather provide each client with all of the information in a manner which they understand, be able to answer questions regarding the policies, and enable each client to make their own educated decision about what is best for them and their particular situation.Informed consent for therapists is often more difficult when faced with clients who may be in danger, under psychological distress, or faced with a domes tic violence situation. Often, these clients may lack the ability to make rational decisions or may be fearful of participating in their own therapy due to the risk of confidentiality breaches and concern for their own personal safety. In this instance, it is often the therapists responsibility to not only offer additional reassurance regarding confidentiality, but also accurately lay out the legal implications of informed consent and if and when records may be disclosed, along with what kind of information can be shared and under what circumstances. In addition, when there is a great deal of psychological distress present, it may be necessary to reiterate policies at a time when clients are more stable, and also take hold greater measures to enable the clients to adequately make their own decisions.In cases where a client lacks the capacity to make informed decisions on their own, due to age or disability, a parent or guardian may be necessary in order to provide adequate protect ion of the clients rights and sign legal documents. In terms of comprehension of the information provided, therapists should frequently have question and answer sessions with the client regarding the goals of treatment, client participation, availability of other services, expectations, and any risks involved. Clear communication and guidelines are the best way to ensure that a client adequately understands not only the purpose of treatment but their roles and responsibilities as well.Informed consent procedures for therapy can be seen as more than just legal practices. The continuously evolving methods of ensuring informed consent for clients also further enable and empower clients to educate themselves, take an dynamic role in ensuring their own well-being, and learn to make more choices regarding their own personal care.

Social Work in Anti-Discrimination

Social Work in Anti-DiscriminationExplain the role of the kindly worker and consider the purpose of intervention and go bringing making links with Anti-Discriminatory Practice and Anti-Oppressive Practice and the importance of working in partnership with users of services and other professionals and termncies.In this assignment I am spillage to be looking at mental health. In particular mental health affecting older batch. I am aware that mental health appears affect masses of all ages affecting each individual in a unique way.A social workers role discount be describe in many ways and the role can vary depending on the service user. However in general social workers aim to empower mickle to make decisions for themselves. An essential part of the social workers role is working as part of a multi-disciplinary team and sign-posting service users to all services applicable to them. The of import principles of sober social work pattern are knowledge, skills and values, they all go hand in hand. They are useful divisions that can aid understanding. To ensure good practice all 3 need to be used together, making competent social work practice.Focusing on mental health in older people as your client it is important a social worker to be aware of and work within The Mental Health course 1983. The Mental Health Act 1983 was established to ensure approved mental health professionals assess and treat people with mental health conditions and to protect the rights of these service users. It provides safeguards for people in hospitals as well.When looking at the history of mental health what stands out is that through the centuries there has been an accepted way of dealing with people with mental health both(prenominal)ers. However the used method in the past is now considered to be inhumane and largely unsuccessful, but also at this prison term alongside the orthodox practitioners there were others with a more enlightened approach. Most histories concentra te on the gruesome facts rather than the positive aspects, going back as far as Victorian times, for example the Victorian asylums. Historical notes show how there isnt much that is actually new in todays approaches, it has all been said originally but the issue with their acceptance is that mainstream treatment still retains its hold.Mental health problems are considered to be more reciprocal in older adults. The most common mental health condition among older people is depression.Depression affects 1 in 5 older people living in the community and 2 in 5 living in care homes.-Adults in Later Life with Mental Health problems, Mental Health Foundation quoting Psychiatry in the Elderly (3rd edition) Oxford University Press (2002)(http//www.mentalhealth.org.uk/ info/mental-health-overview/statistics, 2006)However another common distemper affecting older people is dementia.Dementia affects 5% of people over the age of 65 and 20% of those over 80. About 700,000 people in the UK have de mentia (1.2% of the population) at any one time.-National Institute for Clinical Excellence (2004)(http//www.mentalhealth.org.uk/information/mental-health-overview/statistics, 2006)As a social worker upon meeting the client, your initial role is to carry out a carers estimate. You need to carry out an accurate perspicacity to enable you to make the necessary recommendations and referrals. This leads to signposting to applicable services even when the client doesnt meet the service criteria. For successful signposting you need to have an accurate understanding of how relevant organisations in mental health are MIND. Your assessment gives you the relevant information to be aware of what you need to do for your client. You now need to gain consecrate and build a positive relationship. However you need to be professional and always be honest, you are not the clients friend, as being their friend conflicts with own(prenominal) boundaries. You need to be clear and define your role to avoid confusion. You will be keeping records, discussing secrets and reporting to other professionals.A successful model of assessment for this type of client is SWOT. This involves looking at the strengths and weaknesses which are the advantages and disadvantages for our client. Then looking at the opportunities which involve looking at all opportunities for change that you can provide. The terminal part of your SWOT compend means looking at the threats. SWOT analysis helps you to think through each issue allowing you to look at the problem and lead to possible solutions and prepare for possible threats. A major and vital part of this particular assessment is about whats happening now. A SWOT analysis provides evidence to explain your actions. It needs to be specific, and will vary dramatically from person to person. It is a helpful tool in helping you to weigh up the pros and cons and help you to balance them out.With mental health the actual illness is going to have a major af fect on the SWOT analysis. The stage of the illness can be an advantage or a disadvantage. A threat with mental health will always be the deterioration of the illness. With older people family can be a major strength if they play an active part in the clients life. However bare in mind the lack of a family can be a big disadvantage, having affects on the client.Anti-oppressive practice is a piece of social work jargon, but is establish on a genuinely simple yet important idea. Social work is all about empowering others and assisting those who feel oppressed in getting both their needs and rights recognised and met. Anti-oppressive practice is informed by values and always takes into consideration both the views and experiences of oppressed people.Practitioners are required to analyse how the socially constructed divisions of race, age, gender, class, sexuality and disability, and the impact of variantial approach to resources interconnect and interact to define the life experienc es of individuals and communities. (Davies, 2009, p14)Therefore the practitioner is able to both recognise and challenge all situations of oppressiveness within their work.Anti-discriminatory practice emphasises the different ways in which people tend to be discriminated against, as individuals and groups, it also highlights the need for professional practice to counter such discrimination. Discrimination can add up due to lots of different types of oppressive differentiation.The primary goal of anti-discriminatory practice is the promotion of equality and social justice. (Davies, 2009, p13)Anti-discriminatory practice is not a separate social work theory or method, but a value that should under-pin all practice generally. Both anti-discriminatory and anti-oppressive practice theories seek to assist clients to gain awareness into how oppression affects their lives, and to promote different strategies for opposing discrimination and gaining mutual support. It should also prevent di fferent agencies from being discriminatory.True partnership working can create empowerment. It is a basic part of good practice and of values work. Feeling the need to drive home the client is oppressive you should be working with the service user to rescue themselves. Helping clients to become more independent and less dependent on the system is a positive way forward, and should have a positive long-run affect on the client. Effective partnership is based on a variety of factors and therefore will vary accordingly. A few of these factors are based on values, beliefs, ideals and even practical factors such as funding and resources.Social workers have a duty of responsibility to both the client and other family members who play an active role in the clients life. You should work together with your service user, their family and other agencies, you all need to be aware of difficulties and expect setbacks but remember you can get through it together. When working with other agencies you need to share the responsibility and have open and honest communication. A social workers role is one of both care manager and care co-ordinator.In mental health you will need to be working with other organisations and as it is a health issue you will be working with medical professionals.

Judith Butler Gender Performativity Cultural Studies Essay

Judith pantryman sexual activity Performativity Cultural Studies EssayThe challenge played by Butlers theory envisioned in Gender Trouble is derived from her revision of the generally completed orthodox assumptions in our western society regarding sex and sexual identity. She attacks the accepted naturalness of gender and reveals it as the fiction that it essentially is. According to Butler, the actions that are associated with a persons sexual identity are non a rumination of someones innermost self plainly rather culturally coded acts. Butlers theory is primarily based upon the philosophical views of the French theorist Ren Descartes that a persons conception of his own identity is essentially dualistic. Descartes claimed that a persons abut of self-identification transpires by making a clear distinction between the body and the mind. The essence of this opposition is that the body is in fact perceived as modest to the mind. The basis of this claim is exactly what Butle r intends to reverse, namely that a persons everyday behaviour reflects his or her gender and sexual identity and is essentially a reflection of that persons individual psyche. Her provocative argument that gender is merely a stylized repetition of acts essentially implies a form of materialism that negates any possibility of a spiritual explanation of self-identity.Unlike Luce Irigaray, Butler refutes the notion of sex as a naturally established category. Butler argues that alongside gender, sex is also an acquired socio-cultural category. Butler argues that the construction of gender and sexual identity emerges out of culturally and socially established practices. These practices, including their discourse, have their own recorded history as well as their own social and political dynamics. Furthermore, Butlers criticism of Irigaray is essentially that Irigarays Womans natural state is outside of the phallocentric economy. In her influential book Gender Trouble (1990), Butler does not offer an ontological or essentialist description of what it is to be a fair sex (Butler, 32). quite she presents the argument that the handed-down power structures of our society in fact pee the very identities that it regulates. These power structures are essential to the notion of sexuality. Butler claims that sexuality does not have a natural state where power later comes in to disrupt that state. According to Butler, sexuality does not exist outside of power. It is for this reason that Butler does not present any ontological arguments. For Butler, the concern with the ontology of a woman is simply a misrecognition of some ontological core for what is merely a series of repetitions. The essence of gender is a matter of repetitions. Butler ascripes power to regimes as in the power regimes of heterosexism and phallogocentrism seek to augment themselves through a repetition of their logic . . . (Butler, p.32). Consequently, if repetition is bound to persist as the mechanism of the cultural transcript of identities, then the crucial question emerges what kind of subversive repetition might call into question the regulatory practice of identity itself? (Butler, p. 32). This question is directly analogy to the core argument that Butler presents in Gender Trouble.In other words, Butlers understanding of gender as performative is grounded in her belief that the very core of gender identity is produced through the repetition of behaviour. She talks of repetitions in which the subject is neither outside of those repetitions nor that the subject is something internal which is expressed through those repetitions. So much as the repetitions themselves are the very mechanisms by which those identities are reproduced and the very positive concepts of identities are brought forward. In addition to this ground-breaking claim, Butler introduces the concept of gender as a proceeding or gender performativity.In discussing this notion of gender performativity, Butler stresses the importance of the distinction between performing a gender and gender as a performance. When she talks about gender as performative, Butler argues that this is not similar as saying that gender is performed. When we say that we perform a gender weve interpreted on a role, were acting or role-playing in some way. This performance of a rule is definitely crucial to the gender that we are and the gender that we present to the world. Nevertheless, it is very different from what she means by gender performativity.For something to be performative means that it produces a series of effects. We act and walk, speak and talk in ways that consolidate the impression with being a man or being a woman. Butler explains that in our modern-day society people act as if being of a man or being of woman is actually an internal reality or in fact something that is simply true about us. Instead it is a phenomenon that is produced and reproduced all the time. Butler claims that no person is born with a fixed gender. Gender is not to be perceived as a demo of a subjects internal essence. Alternately, one should view gender identity as a produced product of our actions and discourse. That is to say, Butler argues that everyday actions, speech, utterances, gestures and representations, dress codes and behaviours as well as certain prohibitions and taboos all work to produce what is perceived as an essential virile or feminine identity.1By introducing the notion of gender performativity, Butler criticizes the traditional power structures whose agenda is to keep people in their socially accepted gendered place. Institutional powers like psychiatrical normalization intend to prevent the disruption of the established gender norms. Butler questions how these institutions are established or whether they ought to be natural lawd. She insists on the historical and cultural foundation of these institutional powers and emphasizes the importance of everywherecoming this silent g ender police function that the institutional powers project. Furthermore, Butler expresses her desire to resist the violence that is opposed by ideal gendered norms against those who are non-conforming in their gender presentation.In the final chapter of Gender Trouble Bodily inscription, Performative subversions, Butler gives the important inner-outer distinction regarding our notions of gender the attention which it merits. Butler argues that in the orthodox view of gender the figure of our inner someone is inscribed on the outer body. However, these inscriptions on the body or the outside create the illusion of a concrete and organized gender core. Thus, what makes this problematic is that so far we have gained our understanding of our own inner essence through the inscription on the body.To support her own theory, Judith Butler adopts the argument made by Foucault in his influential work Discipline and Punish that the suffering imposed on prisoners is, contrary to western belie f, externalized. The oppression of the prisoners is not manifested in the inner mind but rather on the external body. Foucault argues that since the methods of punishment used by the agents of the institutional power are inflicted on the body, these actions similarly justify the institutes control over the prisoners body. Butler engenders Foucaults argument and claims that gender is fundamentally the principal representative of western cultural society which operates on the external body, and in this process formulates the definition of masculine or feminine, in addition to standardizing the image of heterosexuality.

Free Essays: The Many Challenges of Homers Odyssey :: Homer Odyssey Essays

The numerous Challenges of Homers Odyssey   In The Odyssey, Odysseus had to face many challenges during his travels a few of these difficulties were a cannibalistic Cyclops, huge whirlpools, determined suitors, on with many hardships.  Odysseus fought constantly to return to his homeland of Ithaca, but to accomplish this Odysseus had to be clever, resourceful, and have great leadership qualities.   Odysseus proved throughout the story that he was rattling clever.  When he was faced with having to get out of Polyphemuss cave, Odysseus first t out of date the Cyclops, My name is Nohbdy mother, father, and friends, / everyone calls me Nohbdy. (pg. 452, 341-342)  Odysseus told him this because he knew if the other Cyclopes would come and ask who was with him, they would think that Nohbdy was there.  In another episode, Odysseus outsmarted the Sirens he wanted to listen to their sweet song, but he knew he would try to jump overboard.  It was then he got the notion to tell his crew, ...you are to tie me up,  arch as a splint, / erect along the mast, lashed to the mast, / and if I shout and beg to be untied, / take more turns of rope to muffle me. (pg. 459, 536-539)  This and telling the crew members to fructify wax in their ears ensured that Odysseus, alone, could listen to the Sirens song and not die.    When Odysseus had to figure out how he could kill the Suitors who were staying in his house, he had Athena disguise him as an old beggar and then told  Telemachus, his son, to hide all of the Suitors weapons and armor. If they asked Telemachus what he was doing, he was to tell them he was storing the weapons so that none of the suitors would kill each other if they got into a fight. Many times throughout the story, Odysseus had to be resourceful enough to accomplish a task by using surrounding things, whatever was at hand.  When he was adrift(p) back towards Charybdis,  Odysseus gr abbed onto a nearby fig tree and held on until a piece of driftwood shot out of the whirlpool then he grabbed a get hold of of the driftwood and soared to safety.    In order to escape from the Cyclopss cave, Odysseus wanted to blind the Cyclops.

History of War Coverage Essay -- essays research papers fc

War Coverage     Edward R. Murrow, former reporter for CBS once said, We must not confuse dissent with disloyalty. We will not be driven by fear into an age of unreason if weremember that we are not descended from fearful men, not from men who feared to write, to speak, to associate and to defend causes which were, for the moment unpopular. clock are changing when it comes to the media covering wars. There was once a time in our country when journalists were not afraid to report the realities and atrocities, to a reasonable extent, that occurred during wartime. During the Vietnam infringe America saw what actually was happening in the jungle on the other side of the world and it enab direct citizens to form their own opinions about the war. Recent wars, much(prenominal) as the Gulf War and Operation Iraqi Freedom do not allow the citizens of the United States to see and experience what is really happening. We see a sanitized version of the war, we are shown on ly material that boosts moral and support for the troops and our government, but we do not see enough of the war to ensure that e trulything does not go as smooth as it seems. War coverage has changed over the years in many aspects. Freedom of the journalists, the relationship between the exhort and the military and the technology are the significant aspects of change in war coverage.     The Second World War was covered in a way that is very different than what we are used to today. The news was aired mainly by radio because television was still in its early days during the war. The journalists and the military were more than allies than enemies, with each of them helping the other. When it came to the overall purpose of the war, the US correspondents (and their Allied counterparts) were no less committed to the defeat of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan than were the commanders who led their troops into battle. As a result, the notion that our armed forces ne eded somehow to "handle" the press was irrelevant. Press relations--or "media" relations, as the Pentagon would have phrased it--did not yet live on in the way we recognize them from our post-Vietnam experience (Rather). There was a sense of mutual respect between the two organizations in World War II, they both(prenominal) understood what they were out there to accomplish. Although the relationship between t... ...lemmas and government.Works CitedBarhart, Aaron. Speeding Up War Coverage. Television Week. Apr. 2003.     Academic Search Premier. EBSCOhost. U. of Hartford Lib. 1 may 2005     .     Hernandez, Debra Gersh. The simple days of war coverage. editor in chief &      Publisher. Jul. 1994. Academic Search Premier. EBSCOhost.     U. of Hartford Lib. 1 May 2005. .Newseum War Stories Technology. War Reporting & Technology.      1 May 2 005.     .Rather, Dan. Truth on the Battlefield. Harvard International Review.      Spring 2001. Academic Search Premier. EBSCOhost. U. of Hartford Lib.     1 May 2005. .Rosenberg, Jim. Tech from Gulf War to Gulf War. Editor & Publisher. March 2003. Academic Search Premier. EBSCOhost. U. of Hartford Lib. 1 May 2005. .     Shafer, Jack. Embeds and Unilaterals. 1 May 2003.           . 1 May 2005.